No.
1099 forms used by payers to report payments made to a taxpayer (or recipient). The most popular 1099 form is the 1099-MISC which is used to report payments of $600 or more that were paid by the payer to a recipient.
Schedule C, which is sent with Form 1040, is used to report self-employment income and calculate taxable profit.
Lets consider an example. I hire someone to paint my house. I, the homeowner, am the payer. The painter is the recipient. Lets say the painter charges $5,000 to paint my house and the paint cost $500. The homeowner or payer sends the painter Copy B of Form 1099-MISC at the end of the year reporting the $5,000 payment. The homeowner also sends Copy A of Form 1099-MISC to the IRS. The painter fills out Schedule C showing the $5,000 they were paid as business income and then deducts the $500 in paint cost as a business expense. The difference of $4,500 is painter income.
I hope this helps. E-mail any 1099 question you might have.
